Computer hardware

Computer hardware is the physical of a computer including the digital circuitry, as distinguished from the computer software that executes within the hardware. The hardware of a computer is infrequently changed in comparison with software and data, which are "soft" in the sense that they are readily created, modified or erased on the computer. Firmware is a special type of software that rarely, if ever, needs to be changed and so is stored on hardware devices such as read only memory (ROM) where it is not readily changed (and is therefore "firm" rather than just "soft").

Personal computer hardware:
A typical personal computer consists of a case or chassis in desktop or tower shape and the following parts:
Internal of typical personal computer
Ø CPU cooled by computer fan
Ø CD/DVD drives
Ø Hard disk
Ø Mother board
Ø PCL buses
Ø Graphics card in AGP bus
Ø power supply
Types of Device
Ø Input Device
Ø output Device
Ø Storage Device
Ø processing Device
Ø Mouse
Ø Track Ball
Ø Digital camera
Ø Keyboard
Input Device: The input devices, through which data or instructions are fed into the computer is called input device. Some of the examples of input device are:
Ø web camera
Ø Head phone set
Ø Microphone
Ø Flat Bed scanner

Output Device: It is used to get output or processed information or result from the computer. The data is read by an input unit link keyboard and transformed to appropriate internal code and stored in the memory of the computer. The processed data is sent to an output unit link monitor or printer when commanded by a program. There are two types of output devices such as.
Ø Monitor
Ø Speaker
Ø Printer
Soft output device Monitor, Hard output Devices Printer and plotters
Storage device:
The devices that are used to store the data instruction or information for later retrieval and use are called storage Device. There are two types of storage Device.
Ø CD(compact Disk)
Ø Zink Disk
Ø Floppy Disk
Ø RAM
Ø Hard Disk
Processing Device:
All processing Manipulation, arithmetical and logical operations and temporary or permanent storage are done in this unit. CPU is the brain cum heart of the computer. It consists of the following units:
1. Arithmetical and logical unit (ALU)
2. Control unit(CU)
3. Memory unit(MU)
Arithmetical and logical Unit: All arithmetical and logical operations are performed in this unit. Arithmetical operation means addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, exponentiation and logical operations memory form ALU after the completion of all operations.
Control unit: Control unit is the never unit of the computer. The work of control units is to control over all the units.
Memory unit: It stores data and instructions, intermediate results in the working time of computer.
Other Devices:
Ø Uninterruptible power supply
Ø Power Extension cord
Ø Modem card
Ø Printer cable
Ø Don’t – matrix printer's Ribbon
Ø Processor with cooling fan
Ø Jack
Ø Multimedia projector
Ø Bubble jet / Ink jet printer's cartridge
Parts of CPU
1. Housing
2. CD/ VDC/ DVD Drive
3. Floppy Disk drive
4. Power on/off button
5. Restart Button
6. Led Indicator