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Monday, December 7, 2009

Introduction of Operating System

Operating system is a set of software that provides an interface between the user and the computer system. It acts as interface cum translator between the user and the computer system by coordinating and controlling the flow of information from the computer to the user. A part of operating system is permanently stored in ROM known as BIOS and the other part of the operating system is stored in the disk that is loaded into the working memory of the computer system during the operation of computer.

1. Function of Operation System
- Start the computer
- Interpret the commands given by the user
- Interpret and execute the instructions of application programs
- Control and co-ordinate the peripheral devices of the computer system
- Manage data files and program files that the computer work with

1.1. Some popular Operating System
1. MS- DOS
2. Linux
3. Windows
MS – DOS: The full form of MS - DOS is Microsoft Disk Operating System .It was developed by Microsoft Corporation in 1980 for personal computers. It is the main disk and file management software that facilitates computer and user interaction.DOS environment is a part of memory set aside to hold variables used by DOS and application programs. It does not support multiple users or multitasking.
Linux: Linux is a free operating system that was created by Linux Thorvaldsen when he was a student at the University of Helsinki in 1991 Torvalds started Linux by writing a kernel - the heart of the operating system - party from scratch and party by using publicly available software. Common Linux Features: Multiuser- Not only can you have many user accounts available on a Linux system ,you can also have multiple users logged in and working on the system at the same time .Users can have their own environments arranged the way they want: their own home directory for storing files and their own desktop interface . User account can be password protected, so that users can control who has access to their application and data.
Multitasking -In Linux ,it is possible to have many programs running at the same time , which means that not only can you have many programs running at the same time ,which means that not only can you have many programs going at once ,but that the Linux operating system can itself have programs running in the background. Graphical user Interface - It is powerful framework for working with graphical applications.
Red hat Linux: Having directions of software packages floating extraneously around the Internet were not a bad way for hackers to shares to share software. However , for Linux to be acceptable to a less technical population of computers users ,it needed to be simple to install and use likewise ,business that were thinking about committing their mission critical applications to a computer system would want to know that the system had been carefully tested.

Windows Vista Enterprise: Windows Vista Enterprise is designed to provide higher levels of data protection using hardware -based encryption technology .It also includes tools to improve application compatibility and enables organization to standardize by using a single worldwide deployment image. Windows Vista Enterprise includes windows Bit Locker TM Driver Encryption, a new technology which helps prevent sensitive data and intellectual property from falling into the wrong hands if a computer is lost or stolen. Windows Vista support Multi-language .An interface language controls which language a user sees in the windows start menu in the help system, in built -in management tools, and in windows dialog language in one offering .Access to all worldwide and to deploy individual PCs that simultaneously offer different interface language for different users.
Windows XP: Among the new features available in Windows XP, there are new security tools that you can use to help keep your computer more secure, and new technologies that run in the background, making your computer run in the background, making your computer run more efficiently and reliably. Windows Xp has improved upon security ,including the new security center ,which allows you to check the status of the important security elements on computer - Windows Firewall, Automatic updates ,and virus protection software -making it easier for you to understand how to keep your computer better protected against viruses and other security threats .Performance is at an all -time high .you can now use more programs at the same time and they will run faster than ever . Improvements have also been made on many features that help your computer more effective and useful .for example. You can Remote Desktop to access your work computer and its resources top home, and to view files and documents on your computers desktops from a co-workers computer .with Net meeting you can participate in discussions using audio, video, or chat.

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